Simplifying urinary tract infection management and prevention

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Simplifying urinary tract infection management and prevention

By Noni Richards
Cystitis
The classic symptoms of a lower urinary tract infection include painful urination, urinary frequency, urgency and suprapubic pain [Image: Mintra Kwthijak on iStock]

Clinical writer Noni Richards summarises the assessment, treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections

Key points, Be aware of red flags, such as fever, flank pain, haematuria and recurrent infections, which require referral. Pregnant patients and those with comp, Education Blue W/ Grey Background W/ Padding
References

1. Health Quality & Safety Commission. Atlas of Healthcare Variation: Community use of antibiotics. 8 November 2021.

2. Lewington A. Urinary tract infections in women. BMJ Best Practice, 19 February 2025.

3. BPACnz. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) – an overview of lower UTI management in adults. 10 December 2021.

4. Pope C (Tech Ed). Healthcare Handbook 2023–2025. Auckland, NZ: The Health Media Ltd; 2024.

5. Community HealthPathways – Auckland Region. UTI in adults. Accessed 9 March 2025.

6. Health New Zealand Te Whatu Ora Waitaha Canterbury. The Pink Book: Uncomplicated Acute Lower Urinary Tract Infections (Cystitis) in Women. February 2019.

7. New Zealand Formulary. NZF v153; 1 March 2025. www.nzf.org.nz

8. Awanui Labs Northern. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Report: Auckland and Northland community isolates 2023.

9. Awanui Labs. 2023 Awanui Labs Canterbury Community cumulative antibiotic susceptibilities (antibiogram). 2024.

10. Wang CH, Fang CC, Chen NC, et al. Cranberry-containing products for prevention of urinary tract infections in susceptible populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2012;172(13):988–96.

11. Harding C, Chadwick T, Homer T, et al. Methenamine hippurate compared with antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections in women: the ALTAR non-inferiority RCT. Health Technol Assess 2022;26(23):1–172.